CIHM 
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Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microroproductions  /  Institut  canadien  de  microreproducbons  historiques 


^iogo 


Technical  and  Bibli'  .:  ..phi:;  Notes  /  Notes  techniques  et  bibliographiques 


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the  images  in  the  reproduction,  or  A^^ich  may 
significantly  change  the  usual  method  of  timing  are 
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n 


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apparaissent  dans  le  te.xte,  mais,  lorsque  cela  e'ait 
possible,  ces  pages  n'ont  pas  ete  filmees. 


L'Institut  a  microfilme  le  meilleur  exemplaire  qu'il  lui  a 
ete  possible  de  se  procurer.  Les  details  de  cet  exem- 
plaire qui  sont  peut-etre  uniques  du  point  de  vue  bibli- 
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ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une  modification  dans  la  metho- 
de  normale  de  filmage  sont  indiques  ci-dessous. 

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I I    Pages  damaged  /  Pages  endommagees 


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D 


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Pages  decolorees,  tachetees  ou  piquees 

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Showlhrough  /  Transparence 


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filmees  deux  fois  afin  d'obtenir  la  meilieure  image 
possible. 


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Commentaires  supplemenlaires: 


Pagination   is  as   follons:      p.    239-29b. 


This  Item  IS  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below  / 

Ce  document  est  filme  au  t.iuK  de  reduction  indiquo  cidessous. 


10x 

14x 

18x 

22x 

26x 

30x 

i 

12x 


16x 


20x 


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32x 


The  copy  filmed  here  has  been  reproduced  thanks 
to  the  generosity  of: 

J.J.    Talfivan  Regional    Collection, 
D.B.   Weldon   Library, 
University  of  Western  Ontario 

The  images  appearing  here  are  the  best  quality 
possible  considering  the  condition  and  legibiliry 
of  the  original  copy  and  in  keeping  with  the 
filming  contract  specifications. 


Original  copies  in  printed  paper  covers  are  filmed 
beginning  with  the  front  cover  and  ending  on 
the  last  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impre«- 
sion,  or  the  back  cover  when  appropriate.  All 
other  original  copies  are  filmed  beginning  on  the 
first  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, and  ending  on  the  last  page  with  a  printed 
or  illustrated  impression. 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  the  symbol  — ^  (meaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  the  symbol  V  (meaning  "END"). 
whichever  applies. 


L'exemplaire  film*  fut  reproduit  grace  A  la 
g^n^rosit^  de: 

J.J.    Talman  Regional    Collection, 
D.B.   Weldon  Library, 
University  of  Western  Ontario 

Les  images  suivantes  ont  ixi  reproduites  avec  le 
plus  grand  soin.  compte  tenu  de  la  condition  et 
de  la  nertet*  de  l'exemplaire  film*,  et  en 
conformit*  avec  les  conditions  du  contrat  de 
filmage. 

Lea  exemplaires  originaux  dont  la  couverture  en 
papier  est  imprimie  sont  fiimis  er-  commencant 
par  le  premier  plat  et  en  termina-  soit  par  la 
derniAre  page  qui  compone  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration,  soit  par  le  second 
plat,  selon  le  cas.  Tous  les  autres  exemplaires 
originaux  sont  filmis  en  commencant  par  la 
premiere  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration  et  en  terminant  par 
la  derniAre  page  qui  comporte  una  teile 
empreinte. 

Un  dee  symboles  suivants  apparartra  sur  la 
darniire  image  de  cheque  microfiche,  selon  le 
cas:  le  symbole  — ♦■  signifie  "A  SUIVRE ',  le 
symbole  V  signifie  "FIN". 


Maps,  plates,  charts,  etc.,  may  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratios.  Those  too  largd  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  exposure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


Les  cartes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc..  peuvent  etre 
filmis  A  des  taux  de  reduction  diffirents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  etre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  clich*.  il  est  film6  d  partir 
de  Tangle  supirieur  gauche,  de  gauche  d  droite, 
et  de  haut  en  bas.  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'images  nicessaire.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  m^thode. 


1 

2 

3 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

MICROCOPY    RESOLUTION    TEST    CHART 

ANSI  and  ISO  TEST  CHART  No    2 


1.0    ^^ 


I.I 


1  -  9  32  iiiji  2  2 
2.0 
1.8 


1.25 


1.4     i  1.6 


js     APPLIED  IN/MGE     Inc 


^ 


ON  THE  GUANYLIC  ACID  OF  THE   SPEEEN 


47996 


W  M.ll.K    J0M;S  as;,    r.,  G.  KOWNIKI  !, 


FR'IM    1H»    I.\EOI!\r"RV    -1     PllV^lnioolCM    ClUMlvTBV     INTHF     [•HIS'     H..PKI\«     V' 


!»..■ 


I  HI 


\r.l.   IV.    Nc  « 


H'^ 'LOGIC  \I.  CIIKMISIRV 


• 


ON  THE  GUANYLIC   ACID   OF  THE   SPLEEN. 

Bv  WALTER  JOXES  and  L.  G.  ROWXTKKE. 

(From  the   Laboratory  oj  Phviioloi^ical  Chemistry  in  the  Johns    Hopkins 

V ni:  :rsity.) 

(Receivcil  for  publication,  February  ni,  n)o>.l 

Ten  years  ago,  Ivar  Ban,<j'-  siu^'ccdeil  in  isolatinL;  frnin  nx  pan- 
creas a  nuelcic  acid  uiiich  diflcrcil  in  a  remarkable  wax  frmn  all 
kn'iwn  substances  nf  this  idass.  According  to  Bang  the  coin- 
pound  is  characterized  by  the  following  pro])ertics. 

(i)     It  contains  a  pentose  group. 

(2)  It  coniaiiis  a  glycerine  grnuj)  and  yields  gh'cerine  phos- 
phoric acid.  The  nucleic  acid  thus  stamling  as  a  connecting  link 
between  the  pentosans  and  the  lecithins  estrdjlishcs  a  scries  of 
jihysiul'igical  I'heniieal  rclatiuns  wlii*.!)  can  scarceh'  \)v  found 
elsewhere  in  the  science. 

(3)  It  contains  an  aniount  of  nitrogen  and  iihosphorus  rela- 
ti\-ely  gri'ater  ihan  is  the  ease  with  other  nutleic  acids. 

(4)  It  _\iclds  (111  hydrolysis  an  excessiveaniount  of  guanin  but 
no  trace  of  cither  adenin  orthyiiiin.  On  account  of  this  striking 
difference  from  other  nucleic  acids, the  substance  has  rieei'.'ed  the 
name  lif  "guanylic  J'  id." 

This  woj-k  which  if  true  \\'ould  constitute  an  unmistakable 
advance  in  the  scieiice  has  unfortunately  been  the  subject  of 
ad\'ersc  critiiisin  of  a  kind  from  which  one  would  scarcelv  e.\pcct 
a  rci  o\-(.r_\'.  Thus  \\  Furih,^  who  has  gi\'cu  the  subject  most 
careful  attention,  ^\as  able  to  find  among  the  split  products 
neither  glycerine  iior  a  rediuing  earboliyilrate;  he  claims  that  the 
nucleic  acid  }'iclds  adenin  as  well  as  guanin  ami  that  there  is  no 
reason  for  making  any  dist inci ion  lietween  guanvlic  acid  and 
thymonucleic  acid.  In  consideration  of  a  number  of  objections 
ail  leading  to  the  same  coiulusion  one  might  reasonabh-  supjiose 

'  liang:  Zcitschr.  /.  physiol.  Client.,  .\xvi,  p.   i^^;  xx\i,  p.   jii. 
'  V,  Ftirtl;  and  Jerusalem;  Hofmeister's  Heitrui^e,  \,  ji.  174. 

2.S() 


290 


Guanvlic  Acid  of  the  Spleen 


that  V.  Furth's  w,  .rk  wt  niM  finally  dispose  of  the  matter  of  Ruany- 
lic  aci'l.  Rut  SteiKlcl'  in  a  very  recent  communication,  takes  an 
entirelv«litt'ercni  view.  He  notes  that  themeihod  .,f  y>re]'arati"n 
emplovc.1  1)V  V.  1-urih  (propose.l  by  Bang  and  Raaschou-J  leads 
to  a  miclcic'acid  cf  the  ordinary  type,  but  that  by  followmg  the 
original  method  n{  Bang  it  is  ].MSsible  fi  <.l.'ain  fnan  thox  pan- 
creas a  true  guanylic  aci.l,  i.  e.,  an  organic  ranjiound  containing 
phosphorus  which  yields  guanin  but  not  adenin.  Unfortunately 
Steudel  agrees  with  v.  Furth  that  guanylic  acid  contains  no 
glvceritic  group. 

'  It  is  the  purpose  of  this  eimimunication  to  show  that  not  only 
is  a  true  guanylic  acid  obtainable  from  <.x  pancreas  but  iliat  sub- 
stances (.f  this  class  are  conlined  ncitherto  a  single  animal  species 
nor  t'.>  a  single  gland. 


Tin-  prkp.'lR.xtion-  of  the  xt'ci.HOPROTHiN-  OF  Pifi's  splei;n-. 

Fourteen  kilos  of  carefully  trimmed  and  hnely  grcnind  fresh 
tissue  were  thoroughly  mixed  in  portions  with  21  liters  of  cdd 
distilled  water,  heated  quickly  to  boiling  and  the  solution  liltereil 
off.  It  is  immaterial  whether  the  lluid  be  filtered  hot  or  after 
cooling;  in  either  case  a  fairly  clear  filtrate  is  obtained  which  by 
repeated  filtration  through  the  same  hlter  becomes  almost  as 
clear  as  water  but  ])ossesscs  a  very  pale  reddish  tinge.  If  the 
residue  be  jiresscd  through  linen  a  milky  fluid  results  which  we 
have  not  been  able  to  render  clearer,  either  by  repeated  tiltration 
or  bv  long  continued  centrifugation;  it  is  therefore  advisable  to 
avoid  disturbing  the  residue  in  any  way  and  to  use  n(i  greater 
amount  of  water  for  the  extraction  than  that  stated.  This  part 
of  the  process  was  exceedingly  more  satisfactory  than  was  the 
case  with  beef  pancreas  (see  below),  where  we  were  never  able 
to  obtain  anything  better  than  a  highly  opalescent  filtrate, 
although  the  solution  obtained  from  this  gland  is  described  by 
various  writers  as  perfectly  v  lear. 

The  neutral  fluid  when  cool  was  trcateil  with  acetic  acid  up 
to  5  to  10  per  mille  and  the  prcciT.itated  gelatinous  nucleojircleid 
was   allowed    to   subside   over   niglit.      Tins   nu(le<  .profcid    is   so 

'StciK-k-l:  /ritschr.  j.  physi,'t.  Ch,  it.    liii.  ]'■  53'l. 

:  Han^'  and  Raastliou:  llofiiinstrr's  !<<  ilr.n'r.  iv.  y.  17;. 


Walter  Jones  and  L.  G.  Rowntree 


291 


sirikm-lv  dilTcrcnt  in  ,)hysira!  vrnpcrtics  fn.m  the  M,rrfsi,.  ^ivlm- 
liravv'tliieeulcnt  sul>^;anfe  i>i  <>x  pannvas  that  wc  can  scarcely 
belicvc  the  tv/o  substaiue^  i.lenii.Ml.     The  ch.u.ly  lluid  \vrs  partly 
(lecantc.l  ami  the  remainder  shari.ly  reiuovecl  after  (e:itnfut;a- 
tu.n.     The  micle.ipn-tei.l  wliich  in  tliis  c.mi.a.  i  form  resetiibles  a 
preparation  of  staivli  paste,  was  freed  fmrn  soluble  impurities  by 
alternate  solution  in  a  minimal  amount  of  caustic  so.la  and  pre- 
cipitation with  the  requisite  aiiKiUnt  of  acetic  aci^l.     Suspended 
matter  was  removed  as  far  as  possible  from  each  alkaline  solution 
by  Ions  continued  cent rifugat ion,  and  in  the  same  manner  the 
precipi'tate.l  nucleopr<,teid  v/as  sharply  separated  fr^-m  the  super- 
natant   lluid.     After  this  operation  had  been  repeate<l   several 
thnes  a  pro.luct  was  obtained  which  dissolved  in  a  trace  of  alkali 
and  on  precipitati(.n  from  the  alkaline  solution  by  acetic  acid 
left  a  perfectly  clear  fluid.     The  exceedingly  gelatinous  nucleo- 
protei<l  thus  puritic.l  was  d.ehydratcd  with  alcohol  and  ether,  but 
unless  this  is  done  with  the  greatest  care  one  will  tmally  obtain 
a  bnAvn  sticky  mass  which  is  unsuitable  for  the  work  that  t.jUows. 
It  IS  necessary  to  begin  with  dilute  alcohol  (50  per  cent)  and  to 
replace  this  gradually  until  absolute  alcohol  is  linally  readied. 
Th.'  latter  slvuld  be  repeatedly  used  and  the  material  allowed  to 
stan.l  for  several  <lays  in  well  cooked  flasks  with  frequent  and 
violent    agitation.     We    mention   the   difficulty   of   dehydrating 
this  nucleoproteid  because  we  encountered  no  such  ditficuliy  m 
dealing  with  the  nucleoproteid  of  ox  pancreas  and  we  regard  this 
very  sinking  diflerence  as  sufficient  ground  for  assuming  that  the 
tw.;  nucleoproteids  r.re  not  identical.     This  is  however  entirely 
aside  from  the  question  of  the  identity  of  the  two  nucleic  acids. 
From    14   kilos  of  moist   tissue  after  the  sacrifice  of  relatively 
large  quantities  of  material  in   the   interest  of  a    pure  product, 
we   finally  obtained   64   grams  of  a  perfectly  dry   pale  yellow 
powder. 

THE    l'REPAR.\TION    OF    Gf-^NVLIC    ACID    FROM    THE    NUCLEO- 
PROTEID   Ol"    PIO'S    SPLEEN. 

The  nucleoproteid  was  treated  in  portions  of  12  grams  each 
with  150  cc.  of  2  per  cent  caustic  potash  and  heated  for  half  an 
hour  in  a  vessel  submerged  in  boiling  water.  The  red  fluid  was 
neutralized  with  acetic  acid  end  whale  hot  filtered  from  a  small 


2q: 


Guanvlir  Acid  ot  tlit'  Spleen 


(luantitv  -f  i-erkTilv  lihuk  inatuKil;  l.ni  wen  after  stan.liriK'  12 
lin.irs  iheiv  uas  nn  ,W\n,^hinu  -f  •^uin\yVu-  acid  alth<.u-b  the 
snlutinii  was  iiiurh  in., re  o  .nrciitralcd  tlian  that  wliidi  Han;,' 
pivparc.l  fnim  y.imvcufi  luulc  .vr-uM.  i  Wc  used  nnly  i5o_y- 
„f  J  iKT  .cut  caustic  ]H,!ash  v.-i-on-  Han-  used  400  ce.i  The 
perte^lh-  dear  vell.Av  lluid  was  then  made  faintly  aeid  with 
aectie  aeid  and  allowed  Im  stand  <.ver  ni-ht  '."it  there  uas  still  nn 
deposition  of  Kuanylic  aeid.  Several  days  later  when  we  had 
c.mehidedthat  thisnuelenpn.teid  yiel  Is  n-.  sul.stanee  eorn-pc.nd- 
ini,'  to  paiui-eas  truanyhe  arid  and  after  v.  e  had  praetieally  alian- 
d/med  the  suhjeet,  a  vt^ry  small  deposit  was  noticed  in  ilie  thud 
and  on  tlie  ad'dution  of  a  few  drops  of  aeetie  aeul  there  was  an 
iinmed.iate  and  eojnous  preeipitati.  .n  of  while  lloeeiilenl  material 
wliile  i.raetieidlv  all  the  eol,,nn-  mattiM'  remained  in  solution. 
Tlie  preeipilate'was  tillered  oil,  dissohv  '  in  hot  water  and  tlie 
solution  til'ered  from  a  small  amount  of  ins.'luMe  -ramilar  maie- 

,.,;,p      On lin-.  the  lole  yellow  ihiid  prompt  ly  deposited  , uuany- 

li^.  a,i,l  l,ut  ..nrei.eatm- the  process  the  yield  soon  became  notiec- 
al.lv  siiudier  ;is  llie  acetic  acid   was  removed  with   the  mother 
li,p'i.,i-s.      Tite   addition   of  acetic   a>  id   to   anv  of   these   tiltrates 
causes  tm  iiiimeditiie  precipitation    of  -uanvlic  acid.      This  dif- 
ference m  liehavior  of  spleen  ...uaiiylic  aci-l  ffoiil  ptmcreas  siKiny- 
lie  acid,  nii-ht   he  explained  by  d.ilierences  in  the  solvent   J.ower 
of  the  impurities  in  the  two  cases  hut  si-leen  -uanylic  acid  retains 
this  i.ropertv  after  purification    lo  >.ucli  an  extent    that    we  are 
in.  line  1  to  t'hc  opinion  that  tlio  1  wo  nucleic  acid^  are  not    iden- 
liiaP      The  ori-inal   neutral   solution  .u'enenilly  tillers  Mowly  hut 
eontmuouslv  and  as  a  deposition  of  -uaiiyhc  acid  is  not   likely, 
the   slov.ncNS  of  the   hltnition   is   with.out   con<e,pience.      Hut   it 
mav  hapi^cn  th.at  the  neutral  fluid  cannot  he  iiltere.l  tit   ;dl.      In 
the  one  such  ease  which  we  met    the  fluid  was  markedly  aciditied 
with  .acetic  acid,   and   co,,1ed   in   ice  water  when  cletir  and   rapid 
nitration  could  he  made  leavin-  the  -uaiiyli.-  acid  on  the  filter. 
This  dtirk  l.rown  residue  was  l.oiled   with  water  and   a  product 
obtained  whi,'h  wtis  easilv  tiltertible  and  which   deposited  K"anv- 
lie  acid  on   .  oolin-.      All   specimens  of  what    we  considered   the 
best  products  were  cllected  and  dissolved  in  hot  water  and  the 
guanvlic  acid  which  was  deposited  .,n  coojin-  the  fluid  was  dried 
in  tlie  ordinarv  wav,  witli  alcohol  and  eth.er.      From  5J  -rtiiiis  of 


\ 

I 


Waller  Jones  and  L.  Ci.  Rnwntree 


293 


\ 

I 


K 


mu'lc'.prnteia  after  -cvere  lussrs  m  the  inuthcr  l:(iuors  f^r  the 
reason  state.]  ue  imally  ..btaiiie^  i.;S  1,'ram  of  pure  jjuanylie 
aeid.  The  suhstan>  e  e<msists  of  a  perfeetly  white  dry  j>ow.ler 
soluble  in  hot  water  f..rming  a  transiKirent  liquid  whieh  has  an 
arid  reaction  to  litmus.  It  responds  neither  to  the  buiret  nfir  to 
Millon's  reaction  bu'  contains  phosphorus  and  exhibi.s  .ueneial 
].roperties  and  reactions  '.vlii(  h  closely  accord  with  those  whim 
Bang  describes  for  the  tjuanylic  acid  of  the  i)ancreas. 

THE    PfKIX    liASKS    PRODfC  K  I)    HV    HYDROLYSIS    or    Tlli-:    GUAN'YLIC 
ACIU      Ol'    I'IC.'s    SPLKHN. 

Owing  to  the  misf.irtune  of  not  knowin-  in  the  earlier  part  of 
our  work  that  larf,'e  (juantities  of  -uanylic  acid  may  be  recovered 
from  mother  liquors  by  thcadditi^ai  of  acetic  acid,  the  amount  of 
material  at  our  disposal  was  insulficient  for  an  exhaustive  exam- 
ination such  as  we  ^vould  otherwise  have  made  and  as  we  intend 
to  make  in  the  immc^iiate  future;  so  that  we  decided  to  devoie 
all  of  our  material  to  a  tinal  decision  of  the  very  important  (|ues- 
tion,  whether  or  nc^t  we  are  here  dealing  with  a  true  guanylic 
aciil. 

A  uram  and  a  half  ..f  the  material  was  heated  for  three  hours 
^vitlil^s  cc.  of  5  per  ( ent  sulphuri..'  acid  in  a  vessel  submerged  in 
boiling  water.     (Jn  stan.ling  over  niglit    the   lluid  deposited  in 
])rofusion    macroscopic  needles  of  guanin  sulphate.     These  were 
dissolved  by  warming  and  the  S(rlution  was  first  neutralized  and 
then  treated  with  such  an  excess  of  ammonia  that  the  fluid  con- 
tained  2   per  cent   of  the  reagent.      The  jiroducl  after  digestion 
in  the   warm  for  an  hour  was  allowed  to  cool  and  the  p..-ecipitated 
guanin   liltered  off.     After  thoroughly  washing  in   turn  with   i 
I)er  cent  ammonia  and  water  the  base  was  dissolved  in  i  per  cent 
caustic  s(jda  and  again  prcciidtated  by  the  addition  of  acetic 
acid.    The  precipitate  was  filtered  off,  washed,  dried  ami  weighed. 
For  tlie  separation  (if  guanin  from  small  quantities  of  adenin 
there  are  two  properties  of  the  liases  whiJi  can  be  used  ami  can 
be  thoroughly  depended  ujion.     First,  gu.anin  is  almost  insoluble 
in   2   per  cent   ammonia  while  adenin  diss.ilves  in  this  reagent 
with  comparative  case.     Second,  both   bases   dissolve   easily  m 
dilute  caustic  soda  but  while  guanin  is  quantitatively  precipitated 


Guanylir  Acid  of  the  Spleen 


fn,m  '^uJ^  a  s,.lut,nn  bv  ac-cii--  a.ul,  adcnin  remain,  mvhr  th.^se 

f  these  methois  were  ar:«Hcd  u,  n.rn  to  tl,e  case  wh.ch  w..  a 
descnbin,.     The  original   amnv.n.aal   f.Urate  from  .uan.n  an. 
the  acetic  aci.l  tlui-l  ubtame-l  in  its  puriiicaii..n  were  urn: e.l  an,l 
treate<l  with  silver  nitrate  and  ammcmia.     The  small  silver  pie- 
cipitate  was  th..rou,l-.lv  washed,  suspended  m  boding  watc^  and 
Xosed  with  hvdrochlonc  acid.     Th.e  a.  id  lUiid  was  .dtere, 
from  silver  chloride,  evaporated  carefully  just  to  dryness  and 
the  last  traces  ..f  hydrochloric  acid  driven  ot.  by  moistenmg  ^Mtl 
■ater  and  n,ain  caa-fully  evaporating.     The  insignihcant  amount 
of   esidue  w;s  dissolved  in  water  at  40°  and  treated  withammon.a. 
A  v"    stnall  precipitate  of  guanin  was  forntcd  which  showed  no 
inclination  to  dissolve  in  ammonia  even  afuT  the  ,M......  •     - 

,.reat  excess  of  the  reagent.  The  lluid  was  nltered  off  an.  l-dcd 
tint  pcrtectlv  neutral  to  litmus.  I.  will  be  observe.l  that  any 
ad  nirori.inallv  present  must  now  be  foutid  in  this  .lu,d  ts 
volume  w;;  <.nlv  .0  cc.  yet  a  T>ortion  failed  to  give  a  distinct  pie- 
ciphate  wi,h  sih-er  nitrate  and  ammonia  whil..  in  an^  'her  portion 
pi,ric  acid  did  not  even  produce  even  an  opalescence.  I  lu 
pu,v vUc  nad  of  the  sf^lccu  gives  no  trace  of  ador.n. 

The  main  vield  <,f  guanin  together  with  the  small  amou, 
obtained  from  the  mother  liqu-.rs  weighed  ;,„o  ,m  hgrams.     1 
Zl    issolved  in  hot  5  per  cent  hydrochloru-  acid  and  decolorized 
with  a  small  an.ount  of  animal  charcoal.     The  solution  on  cool  ng 
deposited  the  characteristic  centimeter-long  feathery  nee.   e 
guanin  hvdrochloratc.     Thesal,  w,.s  all-.wcd  .-,  drv  ,n  the  an  and 
analyzed'  with  the  f..llowing  results. 

,     o  ■  -  w  Rrani  lost  ocSo  gram  at  ,  00^  and  rcuirc.l  706  cc.  of  stand- 
ard sulphuric  acid  >>  cc.  «  0.0077  gram  ol  ">\^"«^";.         ,  ^^  ^,,^ 

,.   o.'u.M  pram  lost  o. 0,^0..  gram  at  loc  and  rciu.red   ,.H,,  cc.  ot 
same  sulphuric  acid. 

,■  II  s  .,  ,.  IICI.  .'11.. o:  I. 

!,    ir  p;  11--  tiiT cent. 

\'..  .:a.:n       "  •  '  -'  ' 

It  mav  appear  that  our  eonclusum.  viz:  that  we  are  here  deal- 
ing uith  a  guanvlic  acid,  is  base.l  ..n  an  experiment  with  rath  r 
a    ntall  amount 'of  material.     In  atiswer  to  such  an  objection  .e 


Walter  jcno  and  L.  C  Rcwntree  295 

w,mM  state  that  ^,c  sh.,uM  uso  rm  m,,re  if  wo  wvr.  tn  n^eat  the 
,vnrk  wuh  an  unUnnted  stn-ply  "(  '"^"^"='1  ^'1  V^""  '■.'^l'"';';  ,  ''^ 
arc  n,.v  cn.auc.'  in  an  inve^n.ati.n  of  nude.c  acMs  M  .n- 
volves  a  lar,e't.un.bcr  of  ju.t  such  an-Oyses  as  tha,  ,losonbcd  uvl 
where  the  amount  of  material  is  of  no  consi.lcrai. on  to  us.  Kx,;t- 
ri en  e  in  these  cases  has  tau.ht  us  tha,  the  best  quantuat.v 
results  can  bo  obtah^ed  by  us,n,  no  n.oro  nuokno  ao.l  than  w,ll 
pnuluoe  300  to  400  milligrams  of  the  base  sou-ht. 

ON  THE  msTRiiu-nox  or  (U-anvlic  Ann  in  i.n:  okoan.sm. 
We  arc  now  ocoupicl  with  the  oxanunatiou  of  .  nundK,"  ot 
.lands  for  substances  of  this  typo  and    hav.  "";'"-;>,";;';; 
Substances   whose   ,hys.cal    propert,cs  curres,K:.nd   ^'l'-       -; 
those  of  KuanyUc  acid.     Thepig's  pancreas  yields  ^  I-^'-">  ;^; 
aqueous  extract  from  which  acetic  acid  prccpuates  a  tloccu  ont 
,^  ,,U„,,,.,.,cid  wlhch  closely  resembles  the  nucleoprotcd   o    ox 
ancrcls  and  from  which  a  ,uanvlic  a,  id  can  be  prepared  .huh 
!,.„„„    be   distinguished   by   anv   apparent    dhference   from   ox 
,,,„,,vas  ^uanvhc  a.id.      Wuh  ox  pancreas  we  exponencod  oi- 
lid:rable  dhhculty.     The  .lands  used  wore  perfoctlv  trosh  and  to 
„,ethod  ,nvcn  bv  Ban.  cdosely  foU-.-od   bu,    m   spue  o,   ex  c 
eilort  w;were  unable  to  prepare  any  Mnn,  approach.n,  a  d.  u 
aqueous  extra,,.      However,  the  cloudv  lUud  ,u>ves  a  nucleop,o- 
tcid  which  in  turn  yu'lds  a  true  Kuanvhc  acid. 

Our  results  show  conclusively  ,  ha,  ,uanv..  ac,d  f.  ,r  t  ho  ,>,.>- 
H,  ands')  are  considc,-ablv  ,n.rc  w.lolv   d,s,nbu,cd    ,    ,n        a 

f,.rmerlv  supposed  and  lend  m  -Mva,  n,oasu,-c  ,0  'l:o  bohot  h.a 
,lu.se  substances  are  conmu.n  nuclear  cons,„uen,s.  As  a  .  -  - 
,,,,n<  >,f  orduKU-v  nu,  Ice  aod  ln,herto  prepa,-cd  have  boon  lound 
,„  ,,,,,1  „,,n,n  as  .oil  as  ,nan,n  „  seems  cor,a,n  ,hat  ,he  .lands 
winch  veld  ,uanyhca.>d  nu>s,  also  con,a,n  e.thcr  adcn,hc 
arid"  ,',rnaclc.oa,,ds  whuh  pn.iuccbo,h  bases. 

S,ncewri,m.  the  above  ar„.]o  our  a„cnt,.m  has  been  called 
t,,  ,he  work  of  Odcn.us^  who  prepared  .uanyhc  a.  .d  Iron.  ,he 
,ni>  loopnitiid  .if  ,he  mammary  .land. 

difrlnccs  amen,  the  nucleic  acids  of  this  class,  thus  cstahhshu.,  a  s.rus 

of  jjuanvlic  acids. 

'Sec  Mulys  Jahn-sbrrulU.  sss:s.  u)oo. 


niEK!"   or    WII.I.IAMK    *    W1I.«IN»  (•.Mr»VT 
BAI.TIMORR 


